Category: Ricerca

Berkeley 59: an expanding cluster described in the study: “Internal dynamics and structure of Cepheus OB4. The asymmetric expansion of Berkeley 59” of B. Wiesneth (Universität Leipzig/Universidade de Lisboa)

Ricerca

Berkeley 59 is a young stellar clusters, which is experiencing a rapid asymmetric expansion   Stars typically form in groups or stellar clusters containing from hundreds to thousands of members. Within these clusters, stars are not stationary but move along trajectories determined by the system’s overall gravity (that is, the gravitational potential of the cluster) and by their mutual interactions.

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From the Gaia-ESO Survey, the analysis of the rotational velocity of the B stars in 8 stellar clusters of the Carena Complex presented in “The Gaia-ESO Survey: projected rotational velocities of B stars in the Carina Nebula” of W Santos (Observatorio Nacional MCTI, Brazil)

Ricerca

Rotation velocities measured for 330 B-type stars in eight stellar clusters of the Carina complex, thanks to the Gaia-ESO Survey.   Stars rotate on their axes. Some, such as young stars, spin very rapidly, with rotation periods as short as one or two days. In other cases, like red giant stars, rotation is much slower, with periods lasting several months.

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Extreme climatology on Hot Jupiters. The study: “The GAPS Programme at TNG. LXIX.The Dayside of WASP-76b revealed by GIANO-B, HARPS-N and ESPRESSO: Evidence for Three-Dimensional Atmospheric Effects” of G. Guilluy (INAF – OATo) appeared on A&A

Ricerca

Planetary climatology under extreme conditions thanks to GIANO-B, HARPS-N and ESPRESSO observations of the hot Jupiter WASP-76b   Among the 6007 confirmed exoplanets to date (09/22/2025), there exists a class of planets absent in the Solar System but crucial for studying atmospheric physics under extreme conditions: ultra-hot Jupiters. These are gas giants in very close orbits around their host stars,

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The supernova remnant Puppis A as an efficient particle accelerator. The study: “Evidence for protons accelerated and escaped from the Puppis A region using Fermi-LAT observations” of R. Giuffrida (INAF-OAPA/UNIPA/Université de Paris) appeared on A&A

Ricerca

The supernova remnant Puppis A reveals itself as an efficient particle accelerator, through different mechanisms in different regions of the remnant   In the 15th episode of the fourth season of the science fiction series Battlestar Galactica, the automaton Cavil complains about not being able to observe the Universe in X-rays and gamma rays, being limited—like humans—to only the visible

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Low mass stars and brown dwarfs in the star forming region Corona Australis. The study “The substellar population in Corona Australis” of K. Muzic (Universidade de Lisboa) appeared on A&A

Ricerca

A new study on the low mass stellar population of the star forming region Corona Australis shed light on the formation of brown dwarfs   In recent years, several studies of star-forming regions near the Sun have revealed that a significant fraction of the stellar population of the Milky Way consists of brown dwarfs—objects whose cores do not reach the

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[press release] CALVERA EXPLODED WHERE IT SHOULDN’T HAVE: A “RUNAWAY” PULSAR DEFIES THE RULES OF THE MILKY WAY

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A stellar explosion, a pulsar, and a supernova remnant – that’s the story of Calvera. Positioned more than 6,500 light-years above the Galactic plane, this system is rewriting what we know about stellar evolution in our galaxy. The research originates from a team at the Italian National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), in collaboration with the University of Palermo, and is

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Three outer jets in Cas A unveil the complex phenomena occurring in the interior of an exploding star. The paper: “Extreme anisotropies in deep layers of an exploding star: overabundance of Cr in the northeastern jet of Cassiopeia A” of V. Sapienza (INAF-OAPA/UNIPA) appeared on ApJL

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In the supernova remnant Cassiopeia A, three jets rich in material synthesized in the innermost layers of the progenitor star reveal the secrets of the processes that occur in a supernova immediately after core collapse.   Understanding the phenomena that follow the collapse of a massive star core is one of the most important goals of modern astrophysics. These processes

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Wd1-9, a young Wolf-Rayet star hidden by a dusty cocoon. The study: “EWOCS-IV: 1Ms ACIS Chandra observation of the supergiant B[e] star Wd1-9” of K. Anastasopoulou (INAF – OAPA) recently appeared on A&A

Ricerca

The analysis of a long X-ray observation reveals the nature of the mysterious star Wd1-9: a binary system containing a star that has recently evolved into the Wolf-Rayet phase, after expelling the outer layers of its atmosphere, which were accreted onto the companion star.   Among the at least one hundred billion stars hosted by our Galaxy, there are a

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“Spectroscopy of Free-Floating Planetary-Mass Objects and their disks with JWST” by B. Damian (University of St Andrews): eight isolated planetary-mass objects caught by the James Webb Space Telescope

Ricerca

Eight free-floating planetary-mass objects, identified in three star-forming regions, exhibit unique features: signs of ongoing planet formation and silicate-rich clouds in their photospheres.   It was in the year 2000 that we first learned of the possible existence of free-floating planetary-mass objects—not bound to any exoplanetary system—thanks to observations analyzed by two research groups, one from the Institute of Astrophysics

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