Category: Ricerca

First direct detection of relativistic particles accelerated in shocks in the heliosphere described in the study: “Direct Measurements of Synchrotron-emitting Electrons at Near-Sun Shocks” of I. C. Jebaraj (University of Turku)

Ricerca

In the Universe, various environments are characterized by shocks capable of converting the kinetic energy of gas and particle flows into heat, turbulence, magnetic energy, and, ultimately, accelerating particles to relativistic energies, producing cosmic rays. The sizes of these systems can vary by many orders of magnitude, ranging from the typical dimensions of the interplanetary environment to the enormous galaxy

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Two mini-Neptuns in orbital resonance around TOI-1803 discovered and described in the paper: “A joint effort to discover and characterize two resonant mini Neptunes around TOI-1803 with TESS, HARPS-N and CHEOPS” of T. Zingales (UniPd/INAF-OAPd))

Ricerca

With over 2.600 exoplanets discovered, NASA’s Kepler satellite holds the record for the mission with the highest number of exoplanets found. The Kepler mission continued with the Kepler/K2 extension, redefined after technical failures prevented the telescope from maintaining its pointing. Among the many discoveries made possible by Kepler/K2 is evidence that one of the most common types of planets in

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The stellar surface trated as a puzzle. The study: “PAStar: a model for stellar surface from the Sun to active stars” of A. Petralia (INAF – OAPA) appeared on A&A

Ricerca

In stars, a continuous tug-of-war unfolds between stellar plasma and the magnetic field. At stake is control over the local dynamics: the winner sets the rules that govern the local stellar properties. For instance, the photosphere of stars is generally quite homogeneous, except for granulation. However, in certain regions of the photosphere, the magnetic field can concentrate, intensify, and produce

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Non thermal emission and cosmic rays in the supernova remnants SN1006. The paper: “”Hadronic particle acceleration in the supernova remnant SN 1006 as traced by Fermi-LAT observations” of M. Lemoine-Goumard (University of Bordeaux) appeared on A&A

Ricerca

Supernova remnants serve as unique laboratories to understand the complex processes occurring during a supernova explosion and to investigate the internal structure of massive stars just before their explosive demise. Additionally, the study of these remnants is driven by their crucial role in accelerating cosmic rays, which are particles with extremely high energies. In 1949, Enrico Fermi laid the groundwork for

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From Jovian to mini-Neptunian. The evolution of TOI-1430 b described in the study: “The GAPS Programme at TNG. LXV. Precise density measurement of TOI-1430 b, a young planet with an evaporating atmosphere” of D. Nardiello (UniPD, INAF-OAPD)

Ricerca

Young exoplanets, that is, those orbiting stars no older than a few hundred million years, are of significant scientific interest for studying planetary formation and the processes influencing the early evolution of planets. However, the intense magnetic activity of young stars generates signals that can obscure or mimic those linked to the presence of planets, making their detection and characterization

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(Italiano) Un superammasso stellare svelato dal James Webb Space Telescope. L’articolo: “EWOCS-III: JWST observations of the supermassive star cluster Westerlund 1” di M. G. Guarcello (INAF-OAPA) pubblicato su A&A

Ricerca

The star-forming regions can differ significantly from one another, particularly in terms of the population of massive stars (with masses exceeding about 10 solar masses) and stellar density (defined as the number of stars per unit volume). These aspects can vary drastically from one region to another. Such differences are extremely important, as massive stars create environments dominated by high-energy

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Chronology of a Supernova. The article: “Constraining the CSM structure and progenitor mass-loss history of interacting supernovae through 3D hydrodynamic modeling: The case of SN 2014C” by S. Orlando (INAF-OAPA), published in The Astrophysical Journal

Ricerca

The properties and morphology of supernova remnants result from complex physical processes in the progenitor star, both in the stages preceding the explosion and during the event itself. This involves the rapid collapse of the core, occurring in seconds, up to the shock wave reaching the star’s surface. Additionally, the supernova’s evolution is shaped by interactions between the star’s expelled

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Hydrogen, helium and sodium in the atmpshere of a Saturn-like exoplanet. The study: “The GAPS programme at TNG. LXIII. Photo-evaporating puzzle: Exploring the enigmatic nature of TOI-5398 b’s atmospheric signal” of M. d’Arpa (INAF-OAPA, UNIPA) appeared on A&A

Ricerca

The characterization of exoplanetary atmospheres is one of the most active research fields in modern astrophysics, made possible by the development of dedicated instruments and techniques. The basic idea of this research is quite simple: obtaining spectroscopic observations of stars with planets during the transit of the planet in front of its star, which is the moment when part of

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Spots and faculae in V1298 Tau. The paper: “Spot Modeling through Multiband Photometry Analysis of V1298 Tau” of A. Biagini (INAF-OAPA/UNIPA) appeared on A&A

Ricerca

Most stars behave like enormous dynamos, producing intense magnetic fields within them. These magnetic fields then interact with the plasma that constitutes the star’s interior and atmosphere, in a constant tug of war where the prevailing force dominates the dynamics. In the outer region of stars, from the photosphere to the corona, the pressure exerted by the gas is less

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New elements detected in the atmosphere of the hottest exoplanet known so far. The study: “The GAPS programme at TNG LX Atmospheric characterisation of KELT-9 b via single-line analysis: Detection of six H I Balmer lines, Na I, Ca I, Ca II, Fe I, Fe II, Mg I, Ti II, Sc II, and Cr II” of M. D’Arpa (INAF – OAPA/UNIPA) appeared on A&A

Ricerca

One of the most interesting aspects of exoplanetary science is the possibility of studying worlds that are not present in our Solar System (at least, not today). Some of these exoplanets possess such extreme properties that they are of great scientific interest. This is certainly the case for the Ultra-Hot Jupiter KELT-9b. It is a gas giant with a mass

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