Tag: HARPS-N

A system of super-Earth exoplanets orbiting around GJ 3998 described in the paper: “HADES RV Programme with HARPS-N at TNG XVI. A super-Earth in the habitable zone of the GJ 3998 multi-planet system” of A. K. Stefanov (IAC)

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At just 60 light-years away from us, the M-type star GJ 3998 hosts a system of three super-Earths, discovered and studied thanks to observations from the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo.   M-type stars are among the most important targets in the search for exoplanets, primarily for two reasons: they are the most numerous stars in our Galaxy, and the most commonly

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New elements detected in the atmosphere of the hottest exoplanet known so far. The study: “The GAPS programme at TNG LX Atmospheric characterisation of KELT-9 b via single-line analysis: Detection of six H I Balmer lines, Na I, Ca I, Ca II, Fe I, Fe II, Mg I, Ti II, Sc II, and Cr II” of M. D’Arpa (INAF – OAPA/UNIPA) appeared on A&A

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One of the most interesting aspects of exoplanetary science is the possibility of studying worlds that are not present in our Solar System (at least, not today). Some of these exoplanets possess such extreme properties that they are of great scientific interest. This is certainly the case for the Ultra-Hot Jupiter KELT-9b. It is a gas giant with a mass

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A rich and complex planetary system for the star TOI-4010. The paper: “TOI-4010: A System of Three Large Short-period Planets with a Massive Long-period Companion” of M. Kunimoto (MIT) appeared on AJ)

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To date (November 2023), we have confirmed the presence of 5539 exoplanets in 4128 planetary systems. These numbers indicate that, in the majority of cases, we have identified one planet per planetary system. This limitation is primarily due to observational constraints, as it remains challenging to detect small exoplanets with long orbital periods (distant from their stars several astronomical units,

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A binary system in orbital synchronization. The study: “The GAPS programme at TNG. XLIII. A massive brown dwarf orbiting the active M dwarf TOI-5375” of J. Maldonado (INAF – OAPA) appeared on A&A

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Nature sets a lower limit on stellar masses: objects less massive than 0.07-0.08 solar masses are incapable of initiating the thermonuclear reactions that power more massive stars. Below this threshold lies the realm of brown dwarfs, objects whose mass is too small to qualify as stars, yet too large to be categorized as planets.   The mechanism responsible for the

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Five molecular species found in the atmosphere of WASP-69b. The study: “The GAPS Programme at TNG. XXXVIII. Five molecules in the atmosphere of the warm giant planet WASP-69b detected at high spectral resolution” of G. Guilluy (INAF-OATo) recently appeared on A&A

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In recent years, advances in instrumentation, knowledge, and observational strategies in the field of exoplanets have allowed for the identification and confirmation of thousands of planets around other stars (exoplanets). Moreover, for the past few years, astronomers have been capable of studying the chemistry and physical properties of the atmospheres of some of these exotic worlds. These studies can also

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Howe many planets around M dwarf stars? The study: “HADES RV Programme with HARPS-N at TNG. XV. Planetary occurrence rates around early-M dwarfs” of M. Pinamonti (INAF-OATo) recently appeared on A&A

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M dwarf stars, with temperature ranging between 2400 and 3900 K and mass between 0.08 and 0.7 solar masses, are ideal targets for the search of exoplanets. This because the most important techniques to search for exoplanets are more effective when applied to stars of this spectral type than to more massive stars. For instance, the method of radial velocity

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Discovered the first planetary system with planets both in equatorial and polar orbits revealed by the study: “The Rossiter-McLaughlin effect revolutions: an ultra-short period planet and a warm mini-Neptune on perpendicular orbits” of V. Bourrier (Observatoire Astronomique de l’Université de Genève), appeared on A&A

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The study of the architecture of planetary systems, and in particular that of the spin-orbit angle (which is the inclination of the planetary orbit with respect to the stellar rotation axis) can unveil important details on the dynamical evolution of planetary systems. In particular, young planets typically migrate radially, changing their distance to the host star and interacting with the

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The study: “Estimating Magnetic Filling Factors from Simultaneous Spectroscopy and Photometry: Disentangling Spots, Plage, and Network” of T. W. Milbourne (Harvard University), recently appeared on ApJ, present two new methods that allow astronomers to estimate the filling factor of magnetic active regions

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About 20% of the exoplanets discovered so far (October 2021) were found with measurements of radial velocity (data from https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/). This method is based on spectroscopic observations of stars with planets, from which it is possible to measure the Doppler effect produced by periodic oscillations of the star, due to the gravitational attraction between star and planet along the orbit of

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The hot Jupiter WASP-33b targeted by HARPS-N. The study: “The GAPS Programme at TNG. XXXI. The WASP-33 system revisited with HARPS-N” of F. Borsa (INAF – AO of Brera) recently appeared on A&A

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Hot Jupiters are gaseous giant planets that orbit very close to their stars (within a typical distance of less than 0.1 Astronomical Units, AU, where 1 AU is the average distance between Earth and Sun, about 150 million of km). These planets are of great interest for astronomers both because of the effects due to the intense incident stellar radiation,

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A super-Earth for the star GJ 9689. The study: “HADES RV programme with HARPS-N at TNG. XIV. A candidate super-Earth orbiting the M-dwarf GJ 9689 with a period close to half the stellar rotation period” of J. Maldonado (INAF-OAPA) recently appeared on A&A

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M stars are the most common stars in the Universe. They have a mass ranging between 0.6 and 0.08 Solar masses in the main sequence, and an effective temperature ranging between 3900 K and 2400 K. In these stars, the signals due to the presence of planets, such as radial velocity (periodic oscillations of the star from its rest position

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